Journal of Medicinal Plants Biotechnology

Abstract Anghuzeh is one of the important medicinal plants of Apiaceae family. Anghuzeh is very important in traditional Iranian medicine and there is a great global demand for it. This plant has many applications in the pharmaceutical field and has been used in the treatment of diseases for a long time. The results of the research of Angouzeh plant conducted in this field show the anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, antiviral, antibacterial and antioxidant effects. The applications of this plant in the food industry are very important, so this plant is used as an additive, flavoring or spice in the preparation and processing of various foods. Anghuzeh also has many applications in the cosmetics industry. The importance of Anghuzeh is due to the valuable gum that is obtained from cutting its roots. In recent years, due to the considerable profit from the sale of gum, the harvesting of this plant from nature has increased, and this issue leads to the extinction of the Anghuzeh generation. Anghuzeh gum contains special compounds. Essential oil is one of the main active ingredients in gum, which is used in other related industries after extraction and purification. At present, Anghuzeh gum is sold in raw form in Iran. It is hoped that with proper planning and the creation of suitable conversion industries for Anghuzeh, it will be possible to create good added value (valuation) for the country while creating employment.

Abstract Artichoke medicinal plant (Cynara scolymus L.) is a herbaceous, diploid and perennial plant. This plant is native to the Mediterranean region and belongs to the Asteracea family. It is rich

in polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, inulin, coumarins, terpenes, dietary fibre, enzymes, polysaccharides, minerals and vitamins Several studies have shown that artichokes have properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,. Due to the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of this plant, which contains very little fat and high levels of minerals, vitamin C, fiber, inulin, polyphenols, hydroxycinnamates and flavones. But its most effective substance can be related to polyphenols, which are mainly composed of mono and dicaffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids. The first research related to tissue culture in this plant dates back to 1973. The first reports on the secondary metabolites of this plant were on synaropecarin, which was recorded and reported for the first time in 1960 by Suchy and his colleagues.Optimization of different physical conditions such as temperature, aeration, light stirring and chemical factors such as addition of growth regulators and precursors to culture media for in vitro production of these active compounds are described. Furthermore, cultures of transformed hairy roots, induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes infection, have been discussed as an important technique to maximize the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. In this research, a general overview of the history and the time trend of biotechnology research has been made, and the problems, results, and research findings of the world's researchers have been collected.

Abstract Achillea genus is belonging to Asteraceae. The composition of the active ingredients of plants in different climatic conditions show very different constituent in phytochemical propertiesand , In order to investigating quantity and quality of essential oils of three species of achillea in Zanjan provences plant samples collected from northern heights of Zanjan After selecting a suitable plants, after harvesting the whole vegetative body of the plant was harvested in the full bloom time and after drying in room, and its essential oil was extracted by distillation . Then, the components of the essential oil were identified and the amount of the components was identified using a gas chromatography device connected to a mass spectrometer. The results showed that the essential oil of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch had a yellow color with a yield of 0.89%. The results of GC-MS showed that the essential oil of this plant is composed of 106 substances in which 15 representative compounds 54% were total essential oil. In the study of essential oil of Achillea tenuifolia Lam, it was found that 20 substances constituted 54.37% of essential oil. Also, the essential oil of Achillea millefolium was white with a yield of 0.74%, GC-MS results showed that this essential oil The plant in the region is composed of 105 substances, of which 10 compounds represented 50.78% of the total essential oil Which 47 compounds accounted for 81.05% of the essential oil.

Abstract High antioxidant and minerals such as Ca, Fe, ZN and vitamins such as A, C was causing high value in Basil.
But asexual reproduction basil by seeds it has diversity and high uniformity. for this reason direct regeneration
basil by tissue culture it has production of plants with high uniformity. In this experiment nodal explants of
two variety purpule and green Basil put in MS with BAP in three levels0, 1/5, 2/5 mg/L. Qualities investigated
was contains number of regeneration, number of root, number of leaf, root length, shoot fresh weight, shoot
dry weight, leaf length, shoot length. The effect of hormone treatment in all qualities in 1% was significant.
Effect of varities in number of regeneration, fresh weight and dry weight in 1% and other qualities in 5% was
significant. In examining the interactions of the variety and concentration hormons showed that was significant
on fresh weight and dry weight in level 5%. The highest number of regeneration was obtained in purple Basil
in 1/5 mg/L BAP with average regeneration 3/17. According to results purple Basil was suitable varity for
tissue culture. Also BAP in 1/5 mg/L on all qualities had the best effect.

Abstract

Abstract Biodiversity plays a major role in the well-being of the world population by contributing to human livelihood and development. According to WHO reports, about 80% of the world's population still relies on herbal medicines. Today, most of the drugs are self-contained medicinal plants. Natural substances have long served as sources of therapeutic drugs, such as digitalis (from foxglove), ergotamine (from infected rye), salicylates (willow bark) being classic examples. Drug discovery from natural sources includes a multifaceted approach by combining botanical, phytochemical, biological and molecular techniques. Therefore, drug discovery based on medicinal plants is still an important and undiscovered area, research in this issue leads to important results in line with medicinal goals. The decrease in biodiversity is the result of the increase in global population, rapid industrialization, excessive deforestation, overexploitation of natural resources, Pollution and ultimately global climate change. Preserving plant biodiversity is important for creating structural diversity and main compounds in the future for the sustainable development of human civilization. This issue becomes more important for

Abstract Native plants to desert ecosystems, have unique features to ensure their survival in harsh conditions. Choghan
(local name for Salsola tragus) is an ancient desert plant, have used for medicinal properties, and was the only
washing plant in many parts of Iran. Urban culture and supply all kinds of chemical detergents have led to the
forgetfulness of the capacities of national and patriotic detergent plant. Identify and preserve of such valuable
plants that is resistant to harsh conditions and generally are halophyte, can be exploited in therapeutic
applications, detergent plant production programs, sustainable agriculture, environmental protection and
desertification. In order to study the response of callus initiation of this plant tissues, seeds were sterilized and
planted on MS medium. After two days, explants of root, stem and leaf were cultured on MS medium with
NAA hormone with three levels: 0, 5 and 10 mg per liter. After three weeks, callus formation was evaluated.
The results showed that the best explants for good callus induction, were the explants of leaf and then stem in
16 hours of light with an intensity of 3000 lux at a concentration of 5 mg of the NAA.