Journal of Medicinal Plants Biotechnology

A review of poppy alkaloids and their biosynthetic pathways

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Nazila Bagheri 1
Alireza Tarinejad 2
Mohammad Majidi 3

1 Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Madani University Tabriz, Tabriz

2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Madani University of Tabriz, Tabriz

3 Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Madani University of Tabriz, Tabriz

https://doi.org/10.30470/jmpb.2024.2026448.1108
Abstract
The increasing tendency of human societies to use herbal medicines has caused an increase in the demand for effective medicinal plants. Despite many advances in the field of artificial synthesis of effective plant substances, extraction from plant sources is still the only way to obtain many valuable medicinal substances. A group of alkaloids are natural drugs that are known as sedatives and painkillers; Like morphine and codeine, which are obtained from poppy, they are the most common painkillers. Currently, the country's annual need for morphine is 30 tons, which will increase with the increase in population. 70% of Iran's needs are supplied by importing concentrated poppy straw (CPS) and 30% from opium sap etc. About 5000 types of alkaloids are known in 15% of plants belonging to 150 plant families, among which tropane alkaloids such as hyoscyamine, atropine and scopolamine are widely used in medicine. One of the main uses of poppy alkaloids in the pharmaceutical industry is They are in painkillers. Today, the industrial production of tropane alkaloids through new techniques such as plant cell and tissue culture, somatic hybridization, metabolic engineering, large-scale cultivation and its commercialization using bioreactors has attracted a lot of attention. This article examines poppy alkaloids and their biosynthetic pathways, which can be useful in clarifying the future direction of research in this field.

Keywords

alkaloids
cell culture
genetic engineering
poppy
secondary metabolites

Subjects

Journal of Medicinal Plants Biotechnology
Volume 8, Issue 1
April 2022
Pages 127-147

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