Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Professor, Department of Biotechnology Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
2
- MSc. student, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
3
Associate Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
10.30470/jmpb.2025.2060452.1140
Abstract
Medicinal plants are recognized as significant sources of natural antioxidants due to their bioactive compounds, particularly phenolics and flavonoids, which have shown potential in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. These compounds are widely studied for their notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The efficiency and profile of extracted phytochemicals are highly influenced by extraction parameters, including solvent type, solvent concentration, and extraction time. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different extraction methods, namely maceration and ultrasound, along with solvent type and concentration (ethanol and methanol at 50% and 70%), and extraction durations (5 and 10 minutes), on the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of extracts from Portulaca oleracea and the leaves and fruits of Ziziphus spina-christi. A factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with two replications for statistical analysis. The results revealed that the highest phenolic content was obtained from P. oleracea extract using the maceration method with 70% methanol for 5 minutes. Similarly, the highest flavonoid content was observed in Z. spina-christi leaf extract under the same conditions. Regarding antioxidant activity, the most potent effect was recorded in the leaf extract of Z. spina-christi using 70% ethanol and an extraction time of 10 minutes. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing extraction conditions to enhance the recovery of beneficial bioactive compounds from medicinal plants, thereby improving the antioxidant potential of the resulting extracts.
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